mud nest's tight adhesion granular agglomeration by polymer bridges optimal water transport by roots efficient transport in porous media at the deep region of the lungs optimal transport in dichotomous transport network ionic spiderweb hydrogel sensor with electrostatics when sponges get wet poro-elasto-capillarity of sponges dry hydrogel generates power capillarity ion concentration polarization in a shaken drop swirling flow in oscillating droplets tangled up spontaneous tangling threads